Wrench



Sept. 2, 2924. I 11,507,362

/ J. BARTOSIK WRENCH Filed Anril 23 1923 lllllli 6 25 Ill/d zz 2/ATTORNEY INVENTOR Patented Se t. 2, 1924.

UNITED STATES JOSEPH BARTOSIK, OF MONESSEN, PENNSYLVANIA. I

WRENCH.

Application filed April 23, 1923. Serial No. 634,109.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH BARTOSIK', a citizen of the United States,residing at Monessen, in the county of Westmoreland and State ofPennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Wrenches. ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to wrenches, and more particularly to a wrenchspecially adapted for use in removing and replacing the heads ofinternal combustion engines.

One of the main objects of the invention is to provide a wrench ofsimple construction and operation by means of which the studs and thenuts threaded on the upper ends thereof for securing the engine head maybe readily removed or applied, as the case may be, as a unit. A furtherobject is to provide simple and efficient means which insures propertightening of the studs and nuts. Further objects will appear from thedetailed description.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a central sectional view through the wrench;

Figure 2 is a side view of the wrench, partly in section, illustratingits use;

Figure 3 is an end view of the wrench taken from the end opposite to thenutreceiving end;

Figure 4: is a section taken substantially on line 44 of Fig. 1;

Figure 5 is an end view of the stud-operating member.

The device includes a body 1 provided at one end with a hexagonal socket2 adapted to receive a nut A threaded on the upper end of a stud B, thisstud being threaded into body C of an internal combustion engine andpassing through an opening provided in flange D of head E of the engine,this being a well known form of construction 1n the internal combustionengine art.

Body 1 is further provided, at the inner end of socket 2, with a web 3which is provided with a frusto-conical bore having a friction lining 4of any suitable or preferred material. A stud-operating member 5 ismounted within body 1 and includes a'frustoconical head 6 adapted to fittightly within the friction lining-1t. A stem 7 extends from the innerend of head 6 and is threaded at its outer end portion to receive a nut8 which is secured in position by a pin 9 inserted through the nut andstem 7, body 1 being provided with a suitably placed opening 10 topermit insertion or removal of this pin. A washer 11 is confined betweennut 8 and a shoulder on stem 7 provided by cutting away a portion of thestem to form a flattened surface 12, washer 11 being provided with afiattenedportion 13 which contacts with surface 12 thus lockmg thewasher against turning movement on stem 7. In its underface washer 13 isprovided with .a concentric groove 14 which extends approximatelyone-half of the circumference of the washer. This groove receives theupwardly turned end of a coil spring 15 confined between washer 11 andthe inner end of web 3. The other end of spring 15 is turned downwardlyto form, in effect, a pin which fits into a corresponding recessprovided in the web. This spring and the parts associated therewith aremounted in a cylindrical bore 16 of the body, the outer portion 16 ofthis bore being of polygonal or hexagonal shape to receive a plug 17,this plug being in the form of a collar provided with a squared opening17 for reception of a correspondingly shaped finger 18 formed integralwith and disposed substantially at right angles to a bar 19 of suitablelength. This provides simple and efficient means whereby great leveragemay be obtained for turning body 1.

Head 6 is provided, in its outer end, with a squared socket 20. Thissocket is adapted to receive a squared plug 21 provided on its outer endwith a blade 22 shaped to correspond to the ordinary blade of ascrewdriver. The plug 21 is preferably, though not necessarily, securedin socket 20 by a pin 23 which passes through head 6 and fits intocorresponding recesses or grooves in the plug and the adjacent wall ofthe body. Blade 22 is intended to fit into a groove provided in the endof stud B for this pur ose, this groove being formed in any suitab e orpreferred manner.

In using the device, body 1 is placed over out A, the nut fitting snuglyinto socket 2 and blade 22 fitting into the groove or slot provided inthe end of stud B. After this has been done body 1 is turned by means ofbar 19 and associated parts in such direction as to thread nut A off ofstud B. Due to the provision of groove 14 in washer 11, body 1 can beturned through an arc of approximately 180 without afi'ectingl member 5.After body 1 has been turned t rough approximately 180 the upper end ofspring will contact with the end wall of groove 14 so that continuedturning of body 1 will expand or unwind spring 15 to a certain extent,this unwinding of the spring serving to extend the spring lengthwisethus raising washer 11 so as to force head 6 into tight contact with thefriction lining 4 thus establishing a friction lock between web 3 andthe head. In addition, as the spring 15 is unwound the coils orconvolutions are expanded so as to contact with the wall of body 1,after which the spring serves to lock washer 11 to web 3. This providesa double-locking action by means of which member 5 is locked to the bodyfor rotation therewith after body 1 has been turned a predetermineddistance. By this arrangement nut A is first loosened on stud B, afterwhich the nut and the stud are rotated together'as a unit, upon furtherrotation of body 1, the stud and nut being simulta- 'neously removedfrom the body C of the engine, After all of the studs have been thusremoved the head can be readily removed so as to permit ready access tothe interior of the cylinders for cleaning the same, the cleaningoperation being facilitated by the absence of the studs or similarprojecting members which would interfere with cleaning of the cylinders..After the cylinders have been cleaned, the head is re placed so as tobring the openings in flange D into alignment with the bores forreception of the studs in body 0 The studs may then be inserted throughthe flan e and threaded into body C by hand untilt e nuts A contact withthe upper face of flange D. After this has been done, body 1 is againplaced over nut A with blade 22 positioned in the slot of the stud andthe body is rotated by means of bar 19 and associated parts in properdirection to thread the nut onto the stud. During the first part of thisoperation spring 15 holds head 6 of member 5 pressed tightly withinfriction lining 4 so as to be gripped or held thereby sufficiently toinsure turning of stud B tightly into position. After the stud B isthreaded tightly into position continued turning of body 1- serves tocompress or wind up spring 15. This serves to, in effect, shorten spring15 so as to release body 6 of member 5 from tight frictional contactwith the friction lining 4 and also permits the upper end of the springto pass out of groove 14 of washer 11. y this means member 5 isautomatically released from body 1 after the stud B has been turnedtightly into position thus permitting nut A to be turned onto the studinto tight contact with the upper face of flange D. As will beunderstood, the relative movement between stud B and nut A iscomparatively slight in either case as it is only necessary, whenremoving the stud and the nut, .to turn the nut sufliciently to releaseit from pressure against flange D after which the stud and the nut areremoved as a unit. In replacing the stud and the nut the nut would haveto be turned onto the stud a sufception of blade 22. By removing pin 231 and plug 21, the wrench can be used equally well in connection with astud provided on its upper end with a squared extension adapted to fitinto socket 20. As will be under-' stood, and as above indicated,changes in construction and arrangement of parts of the invention may beresorted to without departing from the field and scope of the same, andI' intend to include all such variations. as fall within the scope ofthe appended claims, in this application in which a preferred form onlyof my invention is disclosed.

What I claim is 1. In a wrench of the character described, a bodyprovided in one end with a nut receiving socket, a stud-engaging membercarried by said body, and automatic means for connecting said member tothe body for rotation therewith, said means permitting independentturning of the body in one direction through a predetermined distancewhen the stud-engaging member is in engagement with a stud and the bodyis in engagement with a nut threaded onto the stud, said means alsopermitting independent turning movement of the body in the otherdirection when the stud has been screwed into position.

2. In a wrench of the character described, a body provided in one endwith a nutreceiving socket, a member carried by the A body and adaptedfor engagement with a I screw stud, said socket being adapted to fitabout a nut threaded onto the stud, means for frictionally locking thestud-engaging member to the body for rotation therewith, said meanspermitting independent turning movement of the body a predetermineddistance in one direction and thereafter estaband wit the body, saidsocket being disposed to fit about a nut threaded on a stud engaged bysaid member, the stud-engaging member including a head and a stemextending therefrom, means positioned to contact with the head of saidmember and to establish trictional drivin connections between the bodyand said hea and means for normally torcing the head of thestud-engaging member into contact with the friction means and adapted tomove said head out of contact with the friction means to ent turning ofthe body in one direction when the stud has been screwed into position,said means also actin to permit independent turning of the b y through apredetermined distance in the other direction and to subsequently forcethe head of the stud-engaging member into ti ht contact with thefriction means to estab ish driving connections between said member andthe body.

4. In a wrench of the character described, a body rovided in one endwith a socket a web at the inner end of the socket, a stud-engagingmember including a head positioned to contact with the web and a stemprojecting be end said web, the socket being positione and adapted toenrmit independgage about a nut threaded on a stud with which thestud-engaging member is in en gagement, a washer secured on said stemand held against relative rotary movement, said washer being provided inits inner face with a groove of predetermined length, and a coil springmounted about the stem and confined between said web and the washer, oneend of the spring fitting into said groove and the other end of thespring engaging into a recess provided in the web.

5. In a wrench of the character described, a body provided in one endwith a socket and with an inner web at the inner end of said socket,said web being provided with a tapering bore, a stud-engaging member including a tapering head fittin into the bore of the web and a stem extenin from said head, a washer securedon sai stem and held against turningmovement thereon, an expansion coil spring mounted about the stem andconfined between the washer and the web, one end of said spring engaginginto a recess provided in the web, said washer being provided in itsinner face with a groove of predetermined length, the other end of thespring enga ing into said groove.

In testimony whereo I afiix m si ature.

JOSEPH BAl T SIK.

